Fistula in ano

An anal fistula is a small tunnel that connects an infected gland inside the anus to an opening on the skin around the anus. Just inside the anus are a number of small glands that make mucus. Occasionally, these glands get clogged and can become infected, leading to an abscess. About half of these abscesses may develop into a fistula.

CAUSES:

Anal abscesses and clogged anal glands.Other causes include

– Crohn’s disease

– Radiation (treatment for cancer)

– Trauma

– Sexually transmitted diseases

– Tuberculosis

– Diverticulitis

– Cancer

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

– Frequent anal abscesses

– Pain and swelling around the anus

– Bloody or foul smelling drainage (pus) from an opening around the anus.

– Irritation of the skin around the anus from drainage

– Pain with bowel movements

– Fever, chills and a general feeling of fatigue

DIAGNOSIS

– Digital rectal examination

– Anoscopy

– USG or MRI

Treatments

Surgery is usually needed

– Fistulotomy

– Advancement flap procedure

– Lift procedure

Setons placement for complex fistula

By Dr Anubala P

MBBS,MS,GENERAL SURGEON